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package sun.security.provider.certpath;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.cert.*;
import java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException.BasicReason;
import java.security.cert.PKIXReason;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.security.auth.x500.X500Principal;
import sun.security.provider.certpath.PKIX.BuilderParams;
import static sun.security.x509.PKIXExtensions.*;
import sun.security.util.Debug;
/**
* This class is able to build certification paths in either the forward
* or reverse directions.
*
* <p> If successful, it returns a certification path which has successfully
* satisfied all the constraints and requirements specified in the
* PKIXBuilderParameters object and has been validated according to the PKIX
* path validation algorithm defined in RFC 3280.
*
* <p> This implementation uses a depth-first search approach to finding
* certification paths. If it comes to a point in which it cannot find
* any more certificates leading to the target OR the path length is too long
* it backtracks to previous paths until the target has been found or
* all possible paths have been exhausted.
*
* <p> This implementation is not thread-safe.
*
* @since 1.4
* @author Sean Mullan
* @author Yassir Elley
*/
public final class SunCertPathBuilder extends CertPathBuilderSpi {
private static final Debug debug = Debug.getInstance("certpath");
/*
* private objects shared by methods
*/
private BuilderParams buildParams;
private CertificateFactory cf;
private boolean pathCompleted = false;
private PolicyNode policyTreeResult;
private TrustAnchor trustAnchor;
private PublicKey finalPublicKey;
/**
* Create an instance of <code>SunCertPathBuilder</code>.
*
* @throws CertPathBuilderException if an error occurs
*/
public SunCertPathBuilder() throws CertPathBuilderException {
try {
cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
} catch (CertificateException e) {
throw new CertPathBuilderException(e);
}
}
@Override
public CertPathChecker engineGetRevocationChecker() {
return new RevocationChecker();
}
/**
* Attempts to build a certification path using the Sun build
* algorithm from a trusted anchor(s) to a target subject, which must both
* be specified in the input parameter set. By default, this method will
* attempt to build in the forward direction. In order to build in the
* reverse direction, the caller needs to pass in an instance of
* SunCertPathBuilderParameters with the buildForward flag set to false.
*
* <p>The certification path that is constructed is validated
* according to the PKIX specification.
*
* @param params the parameter set for building a path. Must be an instance
* of <code>PKIXBuilderParameters</code>.
* @return a certification path builder result.
* @exception CertPathBuilderException Exception thrown if builder is
* unable to build a complete certification path from the trusted anchor(s)
* to the target subject.
* @throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException if the given parameters are
* inappropriate for this certification path builder.
*/
@Override
public CertPathBuilderResult engineBuild(CertPathParameters params)
throws CertPathBuilderException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(" + params + ")");
}
buildParams = PKIX.checkBuilderParams(params);
return build();
}
private PKIXCertPathBuilderResult build() throws CertPathBuilderException {
List<List<Vertex>> adjList = new ArrayList<>();
PKIXCertPathBuilderResult result = buildCertPath(false, adjList);
if (result == null) {
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild: 2nd pass");
}
// try again
adjList.clear();
result = buildCertPath(true, adjList);
if (result == null) {
throw new SunCertPathBuilderException("unable to find valid "
+ "certification path to requested target",
new AdjacencyList(adjList));
}
}
return result;
}
private PKIXCertPathBuilderResult buildCertPath(boolean searchAllCertStores,
List<List<Vertex>> adjList)
throws CertPathBuilderException
{
// Init shared variables and build certification path
pathCompleted = false;
trustAnchor = null;
finalPublicKey = null;
policyTreeResult = null;
LinkedList<X509Certificate> certPathList = new LinkedList<>();
try {
if (buildParams.buildForward()) {
buildForward(adjList, certPathList, searchAllCertStores);
} else {
buildReverse(adjList, certPathList);
}
} catch (GeneralSecurityException | IOException e) {
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild() exception in "
+ "build");
e.printStackTrace();
}
throw new SunCertPathBuilderException("unable to find valid "
+ "certification path to requested target", e,
new AdjacencyList(adjList));
}
// construct SunCertPathBuilderResult
try {
if (pathCompleted) {
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild() "
+ "pathCompleted");
// we must return a certpath which has the target
// as the first cert in the certpath - i.e. reverse
// the certPathList
Collections.reverse(certPathList);
return new SunCertPathBuilderResult(
cf.generateCertPath(certPathList), trustAnchor,
policyTreeResult, finalPublicKey,
new AdjacencyList(adjList));
}
} catch (CertificateException e) {
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild() exception "
+ "in wrap-up");
e.printStackTrace();
}
throw new SunCertPathBuilderException("unable to find valid "
+ "certification path to requested target", e,
new AdjacencyList(adjList));
}
return null;
}
/*
* Private build reverse method.
*/
private void buildReverse(List<List<Vertex>> adjacencyList,
LinkedList<X509Certificate> certPathList)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException
{
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.buildReverse()...");
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.buildReverse() InitialPolicies: "
+ buildParams.initialPolicies());
}
ReverseState currentState = new ReverseState();
/* Initialize adjacency list */
adjacencyList.clear();
adjacencyList.add(new LinkedList<Vertex>());
/*
* Perform a search using each trust anchor, until a valid
* path is found
*/
Iterator<TrustAnchor> iter = buildParams.trustAnchors().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
TrustAnchor anchor = iter.next();
/* check if anchor satisfies target constraints */
if (anchorIsTarget(anchor, buildParams.targetCertConstraints())) {
this.trustAnchor = anchor;
this.pathCompleted = true;
this.finalPublicKey = anchor.getTrustedCert().getPublicKey();
break;
}
// skip anchor if it contains a DSA key with no DSA params
X509Certificate trustedCert = anchor.getTrustedCert();
PublicKey pubKey = trustedCert != null ? trustedCert.getPublicKey()
: anchor.getCAPublicKey();
if (PKIX.isDSAPublicKeyWithoutParams(pubKey)) {
continue;
}
/* Initialize current state */
currentState.initState(buildParams);
currentState.updateState(anchor, buildParams);
currentState.algorithmChecker = new AlgorithmChecker(anchor);
currentState.untrustedChecker = new UntrustedChecker();
try {
depthFirstSearchReverse(null, currentState,
new ReverseBuilder(buildParams),
adjacencyList, certPathList);
} catch (GeneralSecurityException | IOException e) {
// continue on error if more anchors to try
if (iter.hasNext())
continue;
else
throw e;
}
// break out of loop if search is successful
if (pathCompleted) {
break;
}
}
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.buildReverse() returned from "
+ "depthFirstSearchReverse()");
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.buildReverse() "
+ "certPathList.size: " + certPathList.size());
}
}
/*
* Private build forward method.
*/
private void buildForward(List<List<Vertex>> adjacencyList,
LinkedList<X509Certificate> certPathList,
boolean searchAllCertStores)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException
{
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.buildForward()...");
}
/* Initialize current state */
ForwardState currentState = new ForwardState();
currentState.initState(buildParams.certPathCheckers());
/* Initialize adjacency list */
adjacencyList.clear();
adjacencyList.add(new LinkedList<Vertex>());
currentState.untrustedChecker = new UntrustedChecker();
depthFirstSearchForward(buildParams.targetSubject(), currentState,
new ForwardBuilder(buildParams,
searchAllCertStores),
adjacencyList, certPathList);
}
/*
* This method performs a depth first search for a certification
* path while building forward which meets the requirements set in
* the parameters object.
* It uses an adjacency list to store all certificates which were
* tried (i.e. at one time added to the path - they may not end up in
* the final path if backtracking occurs). This information can
* be used later to debug or demo the build.
*
* See "Data Structure and Algorithms, by Aho, Hopcroft, and Ullman"
* for an explanation of the DFS algorithm.
*
* @param dN the distinguished name being currently searched for certs
* @param currentState the current PKIX validation state
*/
private void depthFirstSearchForward(X500Principal dN,
ForwardState currentState,
ForwardBuilder builder,
List<List<Vertex>> adjList,
LinkedList<X509Certificate> cpList)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException
{
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward(" + dN
+ ", " + currentState.toString() + ")");
}
/*
* Find all the certificates issued to dN which
* satisfy the PKIX certification path constraints.
*/
Collection<X509Certificate> certs =
builder.getMatchingCerts(currentState, buildParams.certStores());
List<Vertex> vertices = addVertices(certs, adjList);
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward(): "
+ "certs.size=" + vertices.size());
}
/*
* For each cert in the collection, verify anything
* that hasn't been checked yet (signature, revocation, etc)
* and check for loops. Call depthFirstSearchForward()
* recursively for each good cert.
*/
vertices:
for (Vertex vertex : vertices) {
/**
* Restore state to currentState each time through the loop.
* This is important because some of the user-defined
* checkers modify the state, which MUST be restored if
* the cert eventually fails to lead to the target and
* the next matching cert is tried.
*/
ForwardState nextState = (ForwardState) currentState.clone();
X509Certificate cert = vertex.getCertificate();
try {
builder.verifyCert(cert, nextState, cpList);
} catch (GeneralSecurityException gse) {
if (debug != null) {
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward()"
+ ": validation failed: " + gse);
gse.printStackTrace();
}
vertex.setThrowable(gse);
continue;
}
/*
* Certificate is good.
* If cert completes the path,
* process userCheckers that don't support forward checking
* and process policies over whole path
* and backtrack appropriately if there is a failure
* else if cert does not complete the path,
* add it to the path
*/
if (builder.isPathCompleted(cert)) {
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward()"
+ ": commencing final verification");
List<X509Certificate> appendedCerts = new ArrayList<>(cpList);
/*
* if the trust anchor selected is specified as a trusted
* public key rather than a trusted cert, then verify this
* cert (which is signed by the trusted public key), but
* don't add it yet to the cpList
*/
if (builder.trustAnchor.getTrustedCert() == null) {
appendedCerts.add(0, cert);
}
Set<String> initExpPolSet =
Collections.singleton(PolicyChecker.ANY_POLICY);
PolicyNodeImpl rootNode = new PolicyNodeImpl(null,
PolicyChecker.ANY_POLICY, null, false, initExpPolSet, false);
List<PKIXCertPathChecker> checkers = new ArrayList<>();
PolicyChecker policyChecker
= new PolicyChecker(buildParams.initialPolicies(),
appendedCerts.size(),
buildParams.explicitPolicyRequired(),
buildParams.policyMappingInhibited(),
buildParams.anyPolicyInhibited(),
buildParams.policyQualifiersRejected(),
rootNode);
checkers.add(policyChecker);
// add the algorithm checker
checkers.add(new AlgorithmChecker(builder.trustAnchor));
BasicChecker basicChecker = null;
if (nextState.keyParamsNeeded()) {
PublicKey rootKey = cert.getPublicKey();
if (builder.trustAnchor.getTrustedCert() == null) {
rootKey = builder.trustAnchor.getCAPublicKey();
if (debug != null)
debug.println(
"SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward " +
"using buildParams public key: " +
rootKey.toString());
}
TrustAnchor anchor = new TrustAnchor
(cert.getSubjectX500Principal(), rootKey, null);
// add the basic checker
basicChecker = new BasicChecker(anchor, buildParams.date(),
buildParams.sigProvider(),
true);
checkers.add(basicChecker);
}
buildParams.setCertPath(cf.generateCertPath(appendedCerts));
boolean revCheckerAdded = false;
List<PKIXCertPathChecker> ckrs = buildParams.certPathCheckers();
for (PKIXCertPathChecker ckr : ckrs) {
if (ckr instanceof PKIXRevocationChecker) {
if (revCheckerAdded) {
throw new CertPathValidatorException(
"Only one PKIXRevocationChecker can be specified");
}
revCheckerAdded = true;
// if it's our own, initialize it
if (ckr instanceof RevocationChecker) {
((RevocationChecker)ckr).init(builder.trustAnchor,
buildParams);
}
}
}
// only add a RevocationChecker if revocation is enabled and
// a PKIXRevocationChecker has not already been added
if (buildParams.revocationEnabled() && !revCheckerAdded) {
checkers.add(new RevocationChecker(builder.trustAnchor,
buildParams));
}
checkers.addAll(ckrs);
// Why we don't need BasicChecker and RevocationChecker
// if nextState.keyParamsNeeded() is false?
for (int i = 0; i < appendedCerts.size(); i++) {
X509Certificate currCert = appendedCerts.get(i);
if (debug != null)
debug.println("current subject = "
+ currCert.getSubjectX500Principal());
Set<String> unresCritExts =
currCert.getCriticalExtensionOIDs();
if (unresCritExts == null) {
unresCritExts = Collections.<String>emptySet();
}
for (PKIXCertPathChecker currChecker : checkers) {
if (!currChecker.isForwardCheckingSupported()) {
if (i == 0) {
currChecker.init(false);
// The user specified
// AlgorithmChecker may not be
// able to set the trust anchor until now.
if (currChecker instanceof AlgorithmChecker) {
((AlgorithmChecker)currChecker).
trySetTrustAnchor(builder.trustAnchor);
}
}
try {
currChecker.check(currCert, unresCritExts);
} catch (CertPathValidatorException cpve) {
if (debug != null)
debug.println
("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward(): " +
"final verification failed: " + cpve);
// If the target cert itself is revoked, we
// cannot trust it. We can bail out here.
if (buildParams.targetCertConstraints().match(currCert)
&& cpve.getReason() == BasicReason.REVOKED) {
throw cpve;
}
vertex.setThrowable(cpve);
continue vertices;
}
}
}
/*
* Remove extensions from user checkers that support
* forward checking. After this step, we will have
* removed all extensions that all user checkers
* are capable of processing.
*/
for (PKIXCertPathChecker checker :
buildParams.certPathCheckers())
{
if (checker.isForwardCheckingSupported()) {
Set<String> suppExts =
checker.getSupportedExtensions();
if (suppExts != null) {
unresCritExts.removeAll(suppExts);
}
}
}
if (!unresCritExts.isEmpty()) {
unresCritExts.remove(BasicConstraints_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(NameConstraints_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(CertificatePolicies_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(PolicyMappings_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(PolicyConstraints_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(InhibitAnyPolicy_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(
SubjectAlternativeName_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(KeyUsage_Id.toString());
unresCritExts.remove(ExtendedKeyUsage_Id.toString());
if (!unresCritExts.isEmpty()) {
throw new CertPathValidatorException
("unrecognized critical extension(s)", null,
null, -1, PKIXReason.UNRECOGNIZED_CRIT_EXT);
}
}
}
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward()"
+ ": final verification succeeded - path completed!");
pathCompleted = true;
/*
* if the user specified a trusted public key rather than
* trusted certs, then add this cert (which is signed by
* the trusted public key) to the cpList
*/
if (builder.trustAnchor.getTrustedCert() == null)
builder.addCertToPath(cert, cpList);
// Save the trust anchor
this.trustAnchor = builder.trustAnchor;
/*
* Extract and save the final target public key
*/
if (basicChecker != null) {
finalPublicKey = basicChecker.getPublicKey();
} else {
Certificate finalCert;
if (cpList.isEmpty()) {
finalCert = builder.trustAnchor.getTrustedCert();
} else {
finalCert = cpList.getLast();
}
finalPublicKey = finalCert.getPublicKey();
}
policyTreeResult = policyChecker.getPolicyTree();
return;
} else {
builder.addCertToPath(cert, cpList);
}
/* Update the PKIX state */
nextState.updateState(cert);
/*
* Append an entry for cert in adjacency list and
* set index for current vertex.
*/
adjList.add(new LinkedList<Vertex>());
vertex.setIndex(adjList.size() - 1);
/* recursively search for matching certs at next dN */
depthFirstSearchForward(cert.getIssuerX500Principal(), nextState,
builder, adjList, cpList);
/*
* If path has been completed, return ASAP!
*/
if (pathCompleted) {
return;
} else {
/*
* If we get here, it means we have searched all possible
* certs issued by the dN w/o finding any matching certs.
* This means we have to backtrack to the previous cert in
* the path and try some other paths.
*/
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchForward()"
+ ": backtracking");
builder.removeFinalCertFromPath(cpList);
}
}
}
/*
* This method performs a depth first search for a certification
* path while building reverse which meets the requirements set in
* the parameters object.
* It uses an adjacency list to store all certificates which were
* tried (i.e. at one time added to the path - they may not end up in
* the final path if backtracking occurs). This information can
* be used later to debug or demo the build.
*
* See "Data Structure and Algorithms, by Aho, Hopcroft, and Ullman"
* for an explanation of the DFS algorithm.
*
* @param dN the distinguished name being currently searched for certs
* @param currentState the current PKIX validation state
*/
private void depthFirstSearchReverse(X500Principal dN,
ReverseState currentState,
ReverseBuilder builder,
List<List<Vertex>> adjList,
LinkedList<X509Certificate> cpList)
throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException
{
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchReverse(" + dN
+ ", " + currentState.toString() + ")");
/*
* Find all the certificates issued by dN which
* satisfy the PKIX certification path constraints.
*/
Collection<X509Certificate> certs =
builder.getMatchingCerts(currentState, buildParams.certStores());
List<Vertex> vertices = addVertices(certs, adjList);
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchReverse(): "
+ "certs.size=" + vertices.size());
/*
* For each cert in the collection, verify anything
* that hasn't been checked yet (signature, revocation, etc)
* and check for loops. Call depthFirstSearchReverse()
* recursively for each good cert.
*/
for (Vertex vertex : vertices) {
/**
* Restore state to currentState each time through the loop.
* This is important because some of the user-defined
* checkers modify the state, which MUST be restored if
* the cert eventually fails to lead to the target and
* the next matching cert is tried.
*/
ReverseState nextState = (ReverseState) currentState.clone();
X509Certificate cert = vertex.getCertificate();
try {
builder.verifyCert(cert, nextState, cpList);
} catch (GeneralSecurityException gse) {
if (debug != null)
debug.println("SunCertPathBuilder.depthFirstSearchReverse()"
+ ": validation failed: " + gse);
vertex.setThrowable(gse);
continue;
}
/*
* Certificate is good, add it to the path (if it isn't a
* self-signed cert) and update state
*/
if (!currentState.isInitial())
builder.addCertToPath(cert, cpList);
// save trust anchor
this.trustAnchor = currentState.trustAnchor;
/*
* Check if path is completed, return ASAP if so.
*/
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