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/*
* Copyright (c) 2005, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
* 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
* Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*
* Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
* or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
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*/
package sun.security.pkcs11;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.KeyStore.*;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import sun.security.pkcs11.wrapper.*;
import static sun.security.pkcs11.wrapper.PKCS11Constants.*;
/**
* The Secmod class defines the interface to the native NSS
* library and the configuration information it stores in its
* secmod.db file.
*
* <p>Example code:
* <pre>
* Secmod secmod = Secmod.getInstance();
* if (secmod.isInitialized() == false) {
* secmod.initialize("/home/myself/.mozilla", "/usr/sfw/lib/mozilla");
* }
*
* Provider p = secmod.getModule(ModuleType.KEYSTORE).getProvider();
* KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS11", p);
* ks.load(null, password);
* </pre>
*
* @since 1.6
* @author Andreas Sterbenz
*/
public final class Secmod {
private final static boolean DEBUG = false;
private final static Secmod INSTANCE;
static {
sun.security.pkcs11.wrapper.PKCS11.loadNative();
INSTANCE = new Secmod();
}
private final static String NSS_LIB_NAME = "nss3";
private final static String SOFTTOKEN_LIB_NAME = "softokn3";
private final static String TRUST_LIB_NAME = "nssckbi";
// handle to be passed to the native code, 0 means not initialized
private long nssHandle;
// whether this is a supported version of NSS
private boolean supported;
// list of the modules
private List<Module> modules;
private String configDir;
private String nssLibDir;
private Secmod() {
// empty
}
/**
* Return the singleton Secmod instance.
*/
public static Secmod getInstance() {
return INSTANCE;
}
private boolean isLoaded() {
if (nssHandle == 0) {
nssHandle = nssGetLibraryHandle(System.mapLibraryName(NSS_LIB_NAME));
if (nssHandle != 0) {
fetchVersions();
}
}
return (nssHandle != 0);
}
private void fetchVersions() {
supported = nssVersionCheck(nssHandle, "3.7");
}
/**
* Test whether this Secmod has been initialized. Returns true
* if NSS has been initialized using either the initialize() method
* or by directly calling the native NSS APIs. The latter may be
* the case if the current process contains components that use
* NSS directly.
*
* @throws IOException if an incompatible version of NSS
* has been loaded
*/
public synchronized boolean isInitialized() throws IOException {
// NSS does not allow us to check if it is initialized already
// assume that if it is loaded it is also initialized
if (isLoaded() == false) {
return false;
}
if (supported == false) {
throw new IOException
("An incompatible version of NSS is already loaded, "
+ "3.7 or later required");
}
return true;
}
String getConfigDir() {
return configDir;
}
String getLibDir() {
return nssLibDir;
}
/**
* Initialize this Secmod.
*
* @param configDir the directory containing the NSS configuration
* files such as secmod.db
* @param nssLibDir the directory containing the NSS libraries
* (libnss3.so or nss3.dll) or null if the library is on
* the system default shared library path
*
* @throws IOException if NSS has already been initialized,
* the specified directories are invalid, or initialization
* fails for any other reason
*/
public void initialize(String configDir, String nssLibDir)
throws IOException {
initialize(DbMode.READ_WRITE, configDir, nssLibDir, false);
}
public void initialize(DbMode dbMode, String configDir, String nssLibDir)
throws IOException {
initialize(dbMode, configDir, nssLibDir, false);
}
public synchronized void initialize(DbMode dbMode, String configDir,
String nssLibDir, boolean nssOptimizeSpace) throws IOException {
if (isInitialized()) {
throw new IOException("NSS is already initialized");
}
if (dbMode == null) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
if ((dbMode != DbMode.NO_DB) && (configDir == null)) {
throw new NullPointerException();
}
String platformLibName = System.mapLibraryName("nss3");
String platformPath;
if (nssLibDir == null) {
platformPath = platformLibName;
} else {
File base = new File(nssLibDir);
if (base.isDirectory() == false) {
throw new IOException("nssLibDir must be a directory:" + nssLibDir);
}
File platformFile = new File(base, platformLibName);
if (platformFile.isFile() == false) {
throw new FileNotFoundException(platformFile.getPath());
}
platformPath = platformFile.getPath();
}
if (configDir != null) {
File configBase = new File(configDir);
if (configBase.isDirectory() == false ) {
throw new IOException("configDir must be a directory: " + configDir);
}
File secmodFile = new File(configBase, "secmod.db");
if (secmodFile.isFile() == false) {
throw new FileNotFoundException(secmodFile.getPath());
}
}
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("lib: " + platformPath);
nssHandle = nssLoadLibrary(platformPath);
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("handle: " + nssHandle);
fetchVersions();
if (supported == false) {
throw new IOException
("The specified version of NSS is incompatible, "
+ "3.7 or later required");
}
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("dir: " + configDir);
boolean initok = nssInitialize(dbMode.functionName, nssHandle,
configDir, nssOptimizeSpace);
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("init: " + initok);
if (initok == false) {
throw new IOException("NSS initialization failed");
}
this.configDir = configDir;
this.nssLibDir = nssLibDir;
}
/**
* Return an immutable list of all available modules.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this Secmod is misconfigured
* or not initialized
*/
public synchronized List<Module> getModules() {
try {
if (isInitialized() == false) {
throw new IllegalStateException("NSS not initialized");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// IOException if misconfigured
throw new IllegalStateException(e);
}
if (modules == null) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
List<Module> modules = (List<Module>)nssGetModuleList(nssHandle,
nssLibDir);
this.modules = Collections.unmodifiableList(modules);
}
return modules;
}
private static byte[] getDigest(X509Certificate cert, String algorithm) {
try {
MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance(algorithm);
return md.digest(cert.getEncoded());
} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
throw new ProviderException(e);
}
}
boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate cert, TrustType trustType) {
Bytes bytes = new Bytes(getDigest(cert, "SHA-1"));
TrustAttributes attr = getModuleTrust(ModuleType.KEYSTORE, bytes);
if (attr == null) {
attr = getModuleTrust(ModuleType.FIPS, bytes);
if (attr == null) {
attr = getModuleTrust(ModuleType.TRUSTANCHOR, bytes);
}
}
return (attr == null) ? false : attr.isTrusted(trustType);
}
private TrustAttributes getModuleTrust(ModuleType type, Bytes bytes) {
Module module = getModule(type);
TrustAttributes t = (module == null) ? null : module.getTrust(bytes);
return t;
}
/**
* Constants describing the different types of NSS modules.
* For this API, NSS modules are classified as either one
* of the internal modules delivered as part of NSS or
* as an external module provided by a 3rd party.
*/
public static enum ModuleType {
/**
* The NSS Softtoken crypto module. This is the first
* slot of the softtoken object.
* This module provides
* implementations for cryptographic algorithms but no KeyStore.
*/
CRYPTO,
/**
* The NSS Softtoken KeyStore module. This is the second
* slot of the softtoken object.
* This module provides
* implementations for cryptographic algorithms (after login)
* and the KeyStore.
*/
KEYSTORE,
/**
* The NSS Softtoken module in FIPS mode. Note that in FIPS mode the
* softtoken presents only one slot, not separate CRYPTO and KEYSTORE
* slots as in non-FIPS mode.
*/
FIPS,
/**
* The NSS builtin trust anchor module. This is the
* NSSCKBI object. It provides no crypto functions.
*/
TRUSTANCHOR,
/**
* An external module.
*/
EXTERNAL,
}
/**
* Returns the first module of the specified type. If no such
* module exists, this method returns null.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if this Secmod is misconfigured
* or not initialized
*/
public Module getModule(ModuleType type) {
for (Module module : getModules()) {
if (module.getType() == type) {
return module;
}
}
return null;
}
static final String TEMPLATE_EXTERNAL =
"library = %s\n"
+ "name = \"%s\"\n"
+ "slotListIndex = %d\n";
static final String TEMPLATE_TRUSTANCHOR =
"library = %s\n"
+ "name = \"NSS Trust Anchors\"\n"
+ "slotListIndex = 0\n"
+ "enabledMechanisms = { KeyStore }\n"
+ "nssUseSecmodTrust = true\n";
static final String TEMPLATE_CRYPTO =
"library = %s\n"
+ "name = \"NSS SoftToken Crypto\"\n"
+ "slotListIndex = 0\n"
+ "disabledMechanisms = { KeyStore }\n";
static final String TEMPLATE_KEYSTORE =
"library = %s\n"
+ "name = \"NSS SoftToken KeyStore\"\n"
+ "slotListIndex = 1\n"
+ "nssUseSecmodTrust = true\n";
static final String TEMPLATE_FIPS =
"library = %s\n"
+ "name = \"NSS FIPS SoftToken\"\n"
+ "slotListIndex = 0\n"
+ "nssUseSecmodTrust = true\n";
/**
* A representation of one PKCS#11 slot in a PKCS#11 module.
*/
public static final class Module {
// path of the native library
final String libraryName;
// descriptive name used by NSS
final String commonName;
final int slot;
final ModuleType type;
private String config;
private SunPKCS11 provider;
// trust attributes. Used for the KEYSTORE and TRUSTANCHOR modules only
private Map<Bytes,TrustAttributes> trust;
Module(String libraryDir, String libraryName, String commonName,
boolean fips, int slot) {
ModuleType type;
if ((libraryName == null) || (libraryName.length() == 0)) {
// must be softtoken
libraryName = System.mapLibraryName(SOFTTOKEN_LIB_NAME);
if (fips == false) {
type = (slot == 0) ? ModuleType.CRYPTO : ModuleType.KEYSTORE;
} else {
type = ModuleType.FIPS;
if (slot != 0) {
throw new RuntimeException
("Slot index should be 0 for FIPS slot");
}
}
} else {
if (libraryName.endsWith(System.mapLibraryName(TRUST_LIB_NAME))
|| commonName.equals("Builtin Roots Module")) {
type = ModuleType.TRUSTANCHOR;
} else {
type = ModuleType.EXTERNAL;
}
if (fips) {
throw new RuntimeException("FIPS flag set for non-internal "
+ "module: " + libraryName + ", " + commonName);
}
}
// On Ubuntu the libsoftokn3 library is located in a subdirectory
// of the system libraries directory. (Since Ubuntu 11.04.)
File libraryFile = new File(libraryDir, libraryName);
if (!libraryFile.isFile()) {
File failover = new File(libraryDir, "nss/" + libraryName);
if (failover.isFile()) {
libraryFile = failover;
}
}
this.libraryName = libraryFile.getPath();
this.commonName = commonName;
this.slot = slot;
this.type = type;
initConfiguration();
}
private void initConfiguration() {
switch (type) {
case EXTERNAL:
config = String.format(TEMPLATE_EXTERNAL, libraryName,
commonName + " " + slot, slot);
break;
case CRYPTO:
config = String.format(TEMPLATE_CRYPTO, libraryName);
break;
case KEYSTORE:
config = String.format(TEMPLATE_KEYSTORE, libraryName);
break;
case FIPS:
config = String.format(TEMPLATE_FIPS, libraryName);
break;
case TRUSTANCHOR:
config = String.format(TEMPLATE_TRUSTANCHOR, libraryName);
break;
default:
throw new RuntimeException("Unknown module type: " + type);
}
}
/**
* Get the configuration for this module. This is a string
* in the SunPKCS11 configuration format. It can be
* customized with additional options and then made
* current using the setConfiguration() method.
*/
@Deprecated
public synchronized String getConfiguration() {
return config;
}
/**
* Set the configuration for this module.
*
* @throws IllegalStateException if the associated provider
* instance has already been created.
*/
@Deprecated
public synchronized void setConfiguration(String config) {
if (provider != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Provider instance already created");
}
this.config = config;
}
/**
* Return the pathname of the native library that implements
* this module. For example, /usr/lib/libpkcs11.so.
*/
public String getLibraryName() {
return libraryName;
}
/**
* Returns the type of this module.
*/
public ModuleType getType() {
return type;
}
/**
* Returns the provider instance that is associated with this
* module. The first call to this method creates the provider
* instance.
*/
@Deprecated
public synchronized Provider getProvider() {
if (provider == null) {
provider = newProvider();
}
return provider;
}
synchronized boolean hasInitializedProvider() {
return provider != null;
}
void setProvider(SunPKCS11 p) {
if (provider != null) {
throw new ProviderException("Secmod provider already initialized");
}
provider = p;
}
private SunPKCS11 newProvider() {
try {
InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(config.getBytes("UTF8"));
return new SunPKCS11(in);
} catch (Exception e) {
// XXX
throw new ProviderException(e);
}
}
synchronized void setTrust(Token token, X509Certificate cert) {
Bytes bytes = new Bytes(getDigest(cert, "SHA-1"));
TrustAttributes attr = getTrust(bytes);
if (attr == null) {
attr = new TrustAttributes(token, cert, bytes, CKT_NETSCAPE_TRUSTED_DELEGATOR);
trust.put(bytes, attr);
} else {
// does it already have the correct trust settings?
if (attr.isTrusted(TrustType.ALL) == false) {
// XXX not yet implemented
throw new ProviderException("Cannot change existing trust attributes");
}
}
}
TrustAttributes getTrust(Bytes hash) {
if (trust == null) {
// If provider is not set, create a temporary provider to
// retrieve the trust information. This can happen if we need
// to get the trust information for the trustanchor module
// because we need to look for user customized settings in the
// keystore module (which may not have a provider created yet).
// Creating a temporary provider and then dropping it on the
// floor immediately is flawed, but it's the best we can do
// for now.
synchronized (this) {
SunPKCS11 p = provider;
if (p == null) {
p = newProvider();
}
try {
trust = Secmod.getTrust(p);
} catch (PKCS11Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
return trust.get(hash);
}
public String toString() {
return
commonName + " (" + type + ", " + libraryName + ", slot " + slot + ")";
}
}
/**
* Constants representing NSS trust categories.
*/
public static enum TrustType {
/** Trusted for all purposes */
ALL,
/** Trusted for SSL client authentication */
CLIENT_AUTH,
/** Trusted for SSL server authentication */
SERVER_AUTH,
/** Trusted for code signing */
CODE_SIGNING,
/** Trusted for email protection */
EMAIL_PROTECTION,
}
public static enum DbMode {
READ_WRITE("NSS_InitReadWrite"),
READ_ONLY ("NSS_Init"),
NO_DB ("NSS_NoDB_Init");
final String functionName;
DbMode(String functionName) {
this.functionName = functionName;
}
}
/**
* A LoadStoreParameter for use with the NSS Softtoken or
* NSS TrustAnchor KeyStores.
* <p>
* It allows the set of trusted certificates that are returned by
* the KeyStore to be specified.
*/
public static final class KeyStoreLoadParameter implements LoadStoreParameter {
final TrustType trustType;
final ProtectionParameter protection;
public KeyStoreLoadParameter(TrustType trustType, char[] password) {
this(trustType, new PasswordProtection(password));
}
public KeyStoreLoadParameter(TrustType trustType, ProtectionParameter prot) {
if (trustType == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("trustType must not be null");
}
this.trustType = trustType;
this.protection = prot;
}
public ProtectionParameter getProtectionParameter() {
return protection;
}
public TrustType getTrustType() {
return trustType;
}
}
static class TrustAttributes {
final long handle;
final long clientAuth, serverAuth, codeSigning, emailProtection;
final byte[] shaHash;
TrustAttributes(Token token, X509Certificate cert, Bytes bytes, long trustValue) {
Session session = null;
try {
session = token.getOpSession();
// XXX use KeyStore TrustType settings to determine which
// attributes to set
CK_ATTRIBUTE[] attrs = new CK_ATTRIBUTE[] {
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_TOKEN, true),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_CLASS, CKO_NETSCAPE_TRUST),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_SERVER_AUTH, trustValue),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_CODE_SIGNING, trustValue),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_EMAIL_PROTECTION, trustValue),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_CLIENT_AUTH, trustValue),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_CERT_SHA1_HASH, bytes.b),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_CERT_MD5_HASH, getDigest(cert, "MD5")),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_ISSUER, cert.getIssuerX500Principal().getEncoded()),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_SERIAL_NUMBER, cert.getSerialNumber().toByteArray()),
// XXX per PKCS#11 spec, the serial number should be in ASN.1
};
handle = token.p11.C_CreateObject(session.id(), attrs);
shaHash = bytes.b;
clientAuth = trustValue;
serverAuth = trustValue;
codeSigning = trustValue;
emailProtection = trustValue;
} catch (PKCS11Exception e) {
throw new ProviderException("Could not create trust object", e);
} finally {
token.releaseSession(session);
}
}
TrustAttributes(Token token, Session session, long handle)
throws PKCS11Exception {
this.handle = handle;
CK_ATTRIBUTE[] attrs = new CK_ATTRIBUTE[] {
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_SERVER_AUTH),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_CODE_SIGNING),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_EMAIL_PROTECTION),
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_CERT_SHA1_HASH),
};
token.p11.C_GetAttributeValue(session.id(), handle, attrs);
serverAuth = attrs[0].getLong();
codeSigning = attrs[1].getLong();
emailProtection = attrs[2].getLong();
shaHash = attrs[3].getByteArray();
attrs = new CK_ATTRIBUTE[] {
new CK_ATTRIBUTE(CKA_NETSCAPE_TRUST_CLIENT_AUTH),
};
long c;
try {
token.p11.C_GetAttributeValue(session.id(), handle, attrs);
c = attrs[0].getLong();
} catch (PKCS11Exception e) {
// trust anchor module does not support this attribute
c = serverAuth;
}
clientAuth = c;
}
Bytes getHash() {
return new Bytes(shaHash);
}
boolean isTrusted(TrustType type) {
switch (type) {
case CLIENT_AUTH:
return isTrusted(clientAuth);
case SERVER_AUTH:
return isTrusted(serverAuth);
case CODE_SIGNING:
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