可以使用 UNION 从一些表中相继选择行,或从》》
MySQL 是从 4.0 版本起开始加入的UNION 这个关键字,下面就来介绍一下它的用法。
假设有3张表,它们分别列出了潜在顾客、实际顾客,以及你进货的供货商。现在你想建立一个邮件列表,将这3张表中的名字与地址合并起来。使用 UNION 就能办到这一点。假设这3张表内容如下:
mysql> SELECT * FROM prospect;
+---------+-------+------------------------+
| fname | lname | addr |
+---------+-------+------------------------+
| Peter | Jones | 482 Rush St., Apt. 402 |
| Bernice | Smith | 916 Maple Dr. |
+---------+-------+------------------------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM customer;
+-----------+------------+---------------------+
| last_name | first_name | address |
+-----------+------------+---------------------+
| Peterson | Grace | 16055 Seminole Ave. |
| Smith | Bernice | 916 Maple Dr. |
| Brown | Walter | 8602 1st St. |
+-----------+------------+---------------------+
mysql> SELECT * FROM vendor;
+-------------------+---------------------+
| company | street |
+-------------------+---------------------+
| ReddyParts, Inc. | 38 Industrial Blvd. |
| Parts-to-go, Ltd. | 213B Commerce Park. |
+-------------------+---------------------+
3张表的列名称不同也没有关系。下面这个查询展示了如何一起选择3张表里的名字和地址。
mysql> SELECT fname, lname, addr FROM prospect
-> UNION
-> SELECT first_name, last_name, address FROM customer
-> UNION
-> SELECT company, '', street FROM vendor;
+-------------------+----------+------------------------+
| fname | lname | addr |
+-------------------+----------+------------------------+
| Peter | Jones | 482 Rush St., Apt. 402 |
| Bernice | Smith | 916 Maple Dr. |
| Grace | Peterson | 16055 Seminole Ave. |
| Walter | Brown | 8602 1st St. |
| ReddyParts, Inc. | | 38 Industrial Blvd. |
| Parts-to-go, Ltd. | | 213B Commerce Park. |
+-------------------+----------+------------------------+
如果想选择所有记录,包括那些重复记录,可以使用 UNION ALL 命令。